Granite (Italikan granito, ka bɔ latigɛkan na granum - suman), farakurun tasumama min falen bɛ silika la. Fara minnu ka ca dugukolo-kɔnɔna na, olu dɔ la kelen.
Granite bɛ kɛ ni potasiyɔmu felsipar (ɔrtoklasi, mikroklini), asidi plajiyɔklasi (albite, oligoklasi), kuwarisi, ani mika (biyɔti walima muscovite), anfiboli, ani a man teli ka kɛ pirokzɛni ye.
Granit ka bonya n’a ka density, a ka texture possibilities (se min bɛ se ka filɛlikɛlan ta, min kɔnɔ, tulonkɛ min bɛ kɛ ni iridescent ye, n’o ye mica inclusions ye, o bɛ bɔ yeelen na; kabakurun gɛlɛn min ma polished, n’o bɛ yeelen minɛ, o ka ja jiracogo ja) bɛ granite kɛ o dɔ ye kabakomayɔrɔw ja dilanni fɛnba minnu bɛ kɛ. Granite fana bɛ kɛ ka obeliskiw, jɔlanw dilan, ani ka kɛ finimugu ye yɔrɔ suguya caman kan.
Granit faraw - granit, siyeni, diorite, gabbro, labradorite, monocytes, teschenites, granite gneisses, wdfl dabɔra ka sababu kɛ magma bɔli ye ani a donli dugukolo kan yɔrɔ lakolonw na ni a jugumanba ye. K’a sababu Kɛ nɛnɛ ye dɔɔni dɔɔni dugukolo sanfɛ-yɔrɔw degun kɔrɔ, o faraw bɛ kristali Kɛ kosɛbɛ wa u bɛ Kɛ ni kristali dafalen ye min bɛ Ye kosɛbɛ, a ka c’a la granoblastic (granoblastic) cogoya.
Granit (granite) cogoya ka bon kosɛbɛ ni a porosity (porozi) ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ, a bɛ dɔn ni minerali yɔrɔw labɛncogo ye min bɛ taa ɲɔgɔn fɛ. Ka kɛɲɛ ni sumanw bonya ye minnu bɛ kɛ minɛnw fara ye, granit jɔcogo saba bɛ yen: suman finmanw ni suman hakɛ bɛ se milimɛtɛrɛ 2 ma, suman cɛmancɛ - k’a ta milimɛtɛrɛ 2 la ka se milimɛtɛrɛ 5 ma ani kisɛ gɛlɛn - min bɛ tɛmɛ milimɛtɛrɛ 5 kan . Suman hakɛw bɛ nɔba bila granit faraw jɔcogo la: ni suman hakɛw ka ɲi, faraw fanga cogoya n’u muɲuli bɛ bonya.
O faraw ka bon, u bɛ mɛn, u bɛ masiri, u bɛ sɔgɔ ka ɲɛ; kulɛri suguya caman bɛ u la k’a ta nɛrɛ la ka taa a bila finman na. Granite bɛ dɔn ni a caya ye 2,6-2,7 t/m3, a porosity ka dɔgɔ ni 1,5% ye. Degun fanga ye 90-250 MPa ye ani ka tɛmɛ o kan, tension, bending ani shear - ka bɔ 5 na ka se 10% ma o hakɛ la.
Granite ye farakurunba ye min ka bon, a cɛmancɛ walima a kisɛ finmanw ye kristali ye, a bɛ sɔrɔ nɛnɛ ni a jɔli dɔɔni dɔɔni fɛ magmatiki wulilen jugumanba dɔ la. Granite fana bɛ Se ka Sɔrɔ fɛnɲɛnɛma-ko waati la, o bɛ Nà ni fara suguya granitize (granitize) taabolo ye. A ka c’a la, granit massif kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ tali kɛ igneous, walima metamorphic, walima hali mixte bɔyɔrɔ la.
Granit kulɛri fanba ye jɛman ye, nka granit pinki, bilen, jɛman ani hali jɛman (amazɔni) fana tɛ fɛn ye min tɛ sɔrɔ.
A ka c’a la, a jɔcogo ye kisɛ kelen ye, suman fanba cogoya tɛ kelen ye k’a sababu kɛ u falenni gɛlɛyali ye masala-kristali waati. Granite porfiritiw bɛ yen, minnu kɔnɔ, feldspars, quartz ani mica kristali belebelebaw bɛ bɔ kɛnɛ kan dugukolo-kisɛ finman walima kisɛ cɛmancɛ kɔfɛ. Granit ka fara-fara-minɛnba minnu bɛ yen olu ye feldspar ni quartz ye. Feldspar bɛ jira kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la ni K-feldspar suguya kelen walima fila ye (orthoclase ani/walima microcline); ka fara o kan, sodium plagioclase bɛ se ka kɛ a la - albite walima oligoclase. Granite kulɛri, i n’a fɔ sariya, o de bɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalan min ka ca a ka danfara la - potasiyɔmu feldspar. Kuwati bɛ sɔrɔ suman karilenw cogo la min bɛ i n’a fɔ gilasi; a ka c’a la, a tɛ kɛ ni kulɛri ye, a man teli a la, a ɲɛ ye bulama ye, min bɛ se ka suguya bɛɛ ta.
Ni a hakɛ ka dɔgɔn, granit kɔnɔ, mika kulu ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalan kelen walima u fila bɛɛ bɛ sɔrɔ - biyotite ani / walima muscovite, ani ka fara o kan, fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw jɛnsɛnni jɛnsɛnnen - magnetite, apatite, zircon, allanite ani titanite kristalɛ mikroskɔpikiw, tuma dɔw la ilmenite ani monaziti (monazite) ye. Prismatiki hornblende kristalɛw bɛ kɔlɔsi tuma dɔw la; garanɛti, turmaline, topazi, fluorite, a ɲɔgɔnnaw bɛ se ka bɔ fɛnw cɛma.Ni plagioclase hakɛ cayara, granit bɛ wuli dɔɔni dɔɔni ka kɛ granodiorite ye. Ni kuran ni potasiyɔmu felsitɛri hakɛ dɔgɔyara, granodiorite bɛ wuli dɔɔni dɔɔni ka kɛ kuwari monzonite ye, o kɔfɛ ka kɛ kuwari dioriti ye. Granite minnu kɔnɔfɛnw ka dɔgɔn ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye minnu ɲɛ ye dibi ye, olu bɛ wele ko leucogranites. Granit massifw kɛrɛfɛyɔrɔw la, yɔrɔ minnu na magma nɛnɛ teliya bɛ farakurunw ka kristalɛw falenni bali, granit bɛ wuli dɔɔnin dɔɔnin ka kɛ suguya finmanw ye. Granit-porfiriw bɛ granit suguya caman na, minnu bɛ kɛ ni suman belebele kelen-kelenw ye (fenokirisiw), minnu bɛ su dugukolo sumanmugu finman dɔ la, min bɛ kɛ ni misɛnninw ye, nka u bɛ ye hali bi ɲɛkisɛw fɛ. Ka da minɛn filananw sɔrɔli kan, minnu ka ca ni dibi ye, granit suguya caman bɛ danfara, misali la, hornblende, muscovite walima biotite.
Granit sɔrɔcogo fɔlɔ ye batoliw ye, minnu ye massif belebelebaw ye minnu bonya bɛ daminɛ kilomɛtɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kɛmɛ caman na ka se ba caman ma ani u janya bɛ se bam 3-4 ma. Granitw bɛ se ka sɔrɔ stockw, dikew ani farikolo wɛrɛw cogo la minnu bɛ don a kɔnɔ. Tuma dɔw la, granit magma bɛ pikiri kɛ layini ni layini, o kɔfɛ granit bɛ kɛ farikolo dɔw ye minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ sɛbɛnfura, minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn falen falen ni faraw ye minnu bɛ kɛ bɔgɔ ye walima minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn falen.
Granitw jɛnsɛnnen don farafinna jamana bɛɛ la. A ka c’a la, u bɛ Nà dugukolo kan yɔrɔw la minnu bɛ Kɛ ni fara kɔrɔw ye, yɔrɔ minnu na, jirisunw bɔgɔbɔli-dɔgɔyali walew sababu la, u sanfɛyɔrɔw tiɲɛna. USA la, granitw bɛ jɛnsɛn Atlantiki Kɔgɔji kɔgɔjida la (ka bɔ Maine worodugu fɛ ka taa Georgia saheli fɛ), u bɛ kɛ massif belebelebaw ye jamana worodugu fɛ, Ozark plateau cɛmancɛ yɔrɔ la, Black kɔnɔ Kuluw ani farakurunw ɲɛfɛla. Irisi jamana na, granitw jɛnsɛnnen don kosɛbɛ Karelian-Kola mara la, Urals, Siberi kɔrɔnyanfan, kɔrɔnfɛla yɔrɔjan, Caucasus, wdfl Granite bɛ baara kɛ ni a ye kabini tuma jan hadamaden fɛ i n’a fɔ so jɔli kabakurun k’a sababu kɛ a jɔcogo kelen ye, a kulɛri ka di, a ka bon fanga ani sɛnɛfɛnw bɔli ni u baaracogo nɔgɔmanw. Granit nafa fɔlɔw ye yɔrɔ gɛlɛn ye min bɛ nɔgɔ ni nɔgɔ dalajɛ, ka fara a kari teliya kan walima ka tigɛ tasuma na. Granit min bɔra a la, o tilancɛ ɲɔgɔn (nafa fɛ) bɛ kɛ kabakurun ye (sɔgɔ, walima kogo, ka fara a ɲɛda kan), n’o ye. blokiw walima bɔgɔdaga, ani tilayɔrɔ tɔ - a bɛ kɛ ni mugumugu ni mugumugu ye. Kabakomayɔrɔw bɛ dilan ni kabakurun tigɛlenw ye. Ameriki jamana na, granit bɛ bɔ kosɛbɛ Vermont, Georgia, South Dakota ani Wisconsin. Granit mugulen ni mugulen (granite kabakurun mugulen ani a yɔrɔ dɔ ye binkannikɛlan) bɛ kɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la bɛton dilanni na, siraba kan, i n’a fɔ farafara ani nɛgɛso balawu. Granit mugulen ni kabakurun tiɲɛnenw dilanko tɔnba minnu bɛ Ameriki, olu ye Kalifɔrni, Karolina Worodugu, Georgie, Karolina Saheli ani Vermont jamanaw ye. Irisi jamana na, granit marayɔrɔ 50 ni kɔ bɛnnen don ka kɛ kabakurun tigɛlenw ye, ani kabakurun tiɲɛnenw ni kabakurun tigɛlenw, olu dɔnna - Karelian Isthmus kan, Onezhye ani Ladoga maraw la, Arkhangelsk ani Voronezh maraw la, Urals (in Sverdlovsk ani Chelyabinsk maraw la), Primorye ani Khabarovsk mara la, Transbaikalia kɔrɔnyanfan fɛ, a ɲɔgɔnnaw Irisi Worodugu-Tilebinyanfan rapakivi granitw ani Transbaikalia ani Ilmen kuluw Amazonite granitw Urals, olu ye kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la masirifɛnw ye. Fɛnmarayɔrɔ dɔw bɛ yiriwa tuma ni tuma, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la kabakurun tiɲɛnenw ni kabakurun mugulenw kama, nka i n’a fɔ a mago bɛ cogo min na, granit blokiw bɛ bɔ yen, minnu bɛ tigɛ ka kɛ jirisunw ye minnu ɲɛsinnen don, ka u tigɛ ka kɛ kabakurun tigɛlenw ye walima ka kɛ kabakomayɔrɔw ja ye. Granite ɲɛda ɲɛfɛla belebelebaw bɛ sɔrɔ Ukraine (Zhytomyr ani mara wɛrɛw la); u dɔw bɛ baara kɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la kabakurunw ni kabakurun tigɛlenw kama.
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September 19, 2024 19:01:43 +0300 GMT
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